Moment - Chapter 2 - Le Personal Notes

Moments - Part 1 - Basic understandings of Moments

Moments - Part 2 - Basic problem solving example 

(all videos are from Khan Academy YouTube. All the credits belongs to him for the awesome videos)

Basic Loading Calculations (Beams & Slabs) 1 - Prologue - Le Personal Notes

Load Transfer From :
Roof > Slabs > Beam > Column > Floor > Foundation

2 types of loads : Imposed Load & Dead Load

Imposed Load (IL): 

• Furnitures
• Human
• Any Temporary Loads

Dead Load (DL):

• Beam
• Slab
• Column
• The weight of the building itself 

If ratio of L_x : L_y equal or smaller than 2, = one -way slab = L_x / L_y  > or =  2

If ratio of L_x : L_y bigger than 2, = two -way slab = L_x / L_y  <  2

Standard Factor Of Safety (F.O.S.) of:

• Imposed Load : 1.4 Gk
• Dead Load : 1.6 Qk
• Thus load combination formulae :  1.4 Gk  (DL) +  1.6 Qk  (IL)
• Assuming that 1.4 and 1.6 is a constant. 
• The Dead Load (DL) and Imposed Load (IL) is a variable.

Example :

(A)

1.       List out the available information (assuming that IL and DL values had been given) :

a.       IL = 2.5 kN/m²

b.      DL = 3.0 kN/ m²

c.       Density of Concrete = 24 kN/ m²

2.       Determine the type of load transfer on the slab :

a.       L_x / L_y = 9/3 = 3>2 , thus a one-way slab

3.       Determine the beam that react to the weight of the slab :

a.       Since it’s a one-way beam , only half of the slab weight acted on the beam

4.       Calculate the Combination load using the formula:

a.       Design Load, a = 1.4 Gk  (DL) +  1.6 Qk  (IL)

b.      Design Load, a = 1.4 Gk  (3.0) +  1.6 Qk  (2.5)

c.       Design Load, a = 8.2 kN/ m²

d.      *note that the answer is actually amount of weight acting on 1 m² area

5.       Calculate the Effective Area, A_eff :

a.       Effective Area, A_eff = L_x x ½ (L_y)

b.      Effective Area, A_eff = 9 x 1.5

c.       Effective Area, A_eff = 13.5 m²

6.       Calculate the Concentrated Load, W :

a.       Concentrated Load, W = 8.2 kN/ m² x 13.5 m²

b.      Concentrated Load, W = 110.7 kN

c.       Thus, the final answer, W = 110.7 kN, which is the total load acted on the beam

(B)

  

How much is the load acted each on 1m across the beam?

1.       Just simply divide the final answer from (A) with the total length of the beam.

a.       Design Load, a = 110.7 kN /  9 m

b.      Design Load, a = 0.91 kN/ m

Architecture, Power, and National Identity 1 - Prologue - Le Personal Notes

Architecture and Urban Design have been manipulated in the service of politics.

Government buildings serve as symbols of the state, much can be learnt about a political practices by observing closely of what it builds.

What actually Vernacular Architecture suppose to be :

A collective notion

Developed throughout generations

Influenced by several factors which is:

• Local materials and resources
• Climatic
• Geographical conditions
• Local rules system

Apolitical - Not interested or involved in politics 

More about Stability, homogeneity, and similarity

A static building form; it fits perfectly 

"Vernacular architecture as a static building form, which cannot be improved as it fits its context perfectly, and that its origins of building-form and method have often been forgotten" 

(based on  Rudofsky's (1964) "Architecture without Architects")

What actually Vernacular Architecture has become :

Uses local building details in a cliché way 

Simply tries to visualise an image without really attempting to ‘understand’ the native techniques and their architectural heritage

Functions to calm our image of a radically changed ‘developing world’ 

Hides the transformations that have occurred

De-politicizes the political impact that architecture could have

Most obvious example : 

Work of Renzo Piano

Hotel resorts duplicating local style and traditional building method

 (sources are from : Architecture and Identity & The Vernacular: or Towards a new Brutalism )

Six space set 1 - Prologue - Le Personal Notes

Centric -

• Centre space as the main point of entrance & exit, also allowing movement to consecutive rooms.
• Note that It consist of only singular volume, which is only connected by a single space.
• Usually the furnitures are always arranged along the walls.

Courtyard -

• also known as ATRIUM.
• One of the components of centric.
• "...An enclosed area, often a space enclosed by a building that is open to the sky... Primary meeting space..."
• Open area, rarely enclosed.
• functions similar to centric space.
• Every rooms are connected with the courtyard itself
• sometimes functions as garden, allowing sunlight

Cloister -

• " A rectangular open space surrounded by covered walks or open galleries, with open arcade on the inner side..."
• "...a quadrilateral enclosure..."
• centre space is inaccessible, and surrounded by walk paths.
• a radial spinal space, taken a spinal space and linked the pathway from the other end to another.

Linear -

• a single straight forward linear motion
• Single volume
• Long & narrow
• rectangular
• sometimes, bathrooms are partially enclosed

Spinal -

• addition of branches to the existing linear space
• not in a single volume, thus partitions needed to divide spaces

Serial Progression -

• The serial idea is build upon the sense of progression that often characterizes the experience of linear space..."
• "...scallop shell, chank shell, spray of fresia, pine cone..."
• addition of gradual increase/decrease space branches to the existing linear space
• series of rooms connected in different volumes

(sources are from: Purves Patterns & Neille Ramblers )

PAST WORKS - Photo

2011 photography

Rock Band Drum Set

Penang Hillside Housing

Blackwood Cat Food

2011 Designs

ASSA Event Shirt Design 1

ASSA Event Shirt Design 2

Gloria Jeans Doodle